那天有位关注我博客的朋友以为我在博客上上传功课 引起混淆 真是非常抱歉 其实我只是因为温习功课而过于烦闷 就在这里上传了一些无聊东西
六月是考试的季节 我却无心向学 我承认没有充分利用那一个星期的念书时光 可是书我还是勉勉强强地念了 但是内容不进脑就是不进脑 还真心烦
据说二十一岁的记忆力和二十一岁前的记忆力真的有差距 难道我的头脑真的在老化中吗？
我亲爱的脑细胞 请继续为我效力 我需要你
也许我们只是再为自己的懒散找借口
这个假期（其实对我来说不是假期）我有个重要的任务 务必完成
大家请祝福我 看我如何化险为夷
七二零演唱会 我真心期待 大家留下美好记忆吧
2013年6月15日星期六
Middle English
Old English did not disappear overnight at the Norman Conquest but in the years following the Conquest, changes which had already begun to show themselves in pre-Conquest Old English continued. Norman Conquest of Britain by William, the Duke of Normandy occurred in 1066. The conquest was followed subsequently by the introduction of new spelling conventions. Norman scribes disregarded the traditional English spelling and simply spelt the language according to what they heard it, using many conventions of Norman French. Consequently, many changes which had not been reflected in OE spelling, or which had appeared only in occasional spellings, now emerged clearly.
A number of new consonant symbols were introduced. A new symbol g was introduced for the stops represented by OE ʒ, and the OE symbol only retained for the fricatives. OE had used f to represent both [f] and [v] whereas ME scribes used u or v the voiced sound. Similarly, z was introduced by s , though not consistently. The digraph th gradually replaced þ and ð, but ð was found up to 1300 and þ remained common until about 1400. It is to be noted that in Middle English there were separate phonemes /f/ and /v/, /s/ and /z/, and /θ/ and /ð/, where in OE there were pairs of allophones.
The letter y was no longer used as to represent a front rounded vowel, but was simply used as an alternative to i, so that ME king and kyng represent exactly the same pronunciation as do fir and fyr 'fire'. OE [dʒ] never occurred in word-initial position, only medially and finally. However, ME loanwords from French, like judge have [dʒ] in initial position.
One oddity of ME spelling was the result of change of script. Norman scribes used a continental style of handwriting to replace the insular script of OE. Continental style made it difficult to tell how many strokes had been made when letters like m, n and u occurred together and hard to distinguish between groups like un, uu and um. In such case, scribes often wrote o instead of u. Thus, we often find ME sone, comen and loue(love) for OE sunu,
A number of new consonant symbols were introduced. A new symbol g was introduced for the stops represented by OE ʒ, and the OE symbol only retained for the fricatives. OE had used f to represent both [f] and [v] whereas ME scribes used u or v the voiced sound. Similarly, z was introduced by s , though not consistently. The digraph th gradually replaced þ and ð, but ð was found up to 1300 and þ remained common until about 1400. It is to be noted that in Middle English there were separate phonemes /f/ and /v/, /s/ and /z/, and /θ/ and /ð/, where in OE there were pairs of allophones.
The letter y was no longer used as to represent a front rounded vowel, but was simply used as an alternative to i, so that ME king and kyng represent exactly the same pronunciation as do fir and fyr 'fire'. OE [dʒ] never occurred in word-initial position, only medially and finally. However, ME loanwords from French, like judge have [dʒ] in initial position.
One oddity of ME spelling was the result of change of script. Norman scribes used a continental style of handwriting to replace the insular script of OE. Continental style made it difficult to tell how many strokes had been made when letters like m, n and u occurred together and hard to distinguish between groups like un, uu and um. In such case, scribes often wrote o instead of u. Thus, we often find ME sone, comen and loue(love) for OE sunu,
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